A symbol to which a computer can point an interface in order to select a function such as "move window." [DEC].
IDEF
ICAM DEFinition Language, a systems modeling technique using a specific graphical structure.
IEC
International Electrical Technical Commission. An IEC standards committee (IEC TC97/WG6) has defined a LAN for use in process control environments (PROWAY) in cooperation with IEEE 802.4 and is working on a Field Bus standard. Also known as EIC.
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers. An IEEE standards committee (IEEE 802) is chartered to work on LAN standards for and have produced the standard for CSMA/CD (IEEE 802.3) and the standard for Token Bus (IEEE 802.4). These standards have also been approved by ISO (DIS 8802/3 and DIS 8802/4).
IEEE P1118
A standards committee working on the development of a "Micro-controller Serial Control Bus". This standard is to be technology-based, not application-based and is intended to be suitable for many different application types, including (but not limited to) instrumentation, process control, and RS232-type peripherals.
IEEE 802
One of the standards committees working on LAN standards. IEEE 802 has produced standards for CSMA/CD, Token Bus, Token Ring, and Logical Link Control (LLC). Activity continues in all of the above areas and in the area of Metropolitan Area Networks. IEEE 802 is composed of the following WGs (working groups) and TAGs (Technical Assistance Groups):
IEEE 802.0 - Executive Committee
IEEE 802.1 - Higher Layer Interface
IEEE 802.2 - Logical Link Control
IEEE 802.3 - CSMA/CD
IEEE 802.4 - Token Bus
IEEE 802.5 - Token Ring
IEEE 802.6 - Metropolitan Area Network
IEEE 802.7 - Broadband TAG
IEEE 802.8 - Fiber Optics TAG
Implementation
An actual, tangible system and the result of the conversion of the "what" to "how."
Implode
Compression of detailed data into a summary level record or input.
Incoming Confirmation
Updating of incoming material status to release payment.
Indirect Cost
Costs that are not incurred by a particular job or operation, such as utilities, management salaries, material handling, data processing, etc. [APIC].
Industrial Computer
A personal or process control computer that is designed to withstand the rigors of the factory floor. Typically, the device is encased in a metal or EMI (Electro Magnetic Interference) proof casing. In addition, some industrial computers are configured so that maintenance and cold start up are relatively simple. Such devices are used for applications such as data collection, monitoring and programming.
Inference
A conclusion based on a premise. [DEC].
Inference Engine
The part of a rule-based system that selects and executes rules. The conclusion that an inference engine will draw from a given set of facts is not known in advance. [DEC].
Information View
Describes the information required by each function. Three kinds of schemata are used to model the information, namely; conceptual, internal and external.
In-Process Inventory
Product in various stages of completion throughout the factory, including raw material that has been released for initial processing and completely processed material awaiting final inspection and acceptance as finished product for shipment to a customer.
Inspection Procedure
A tailor-made plan for a specific component or product type. It lists the characteristics to be checked, the method of check (visual, gage, etc.) and the instruments to be used. In addition, it may include the seriousness classification of characteristics: tolerances and other criteria, a list of applicable standards, sequence of inspection operations, sample plans and other lot criteria. [JURA].
Installation Details
Documentation, drawing information and instructions for construction.
Integrated System
A system in which separate programs perform separate functions with communication and data-passing between functional programs performing standardized I/O routines and a common data-base. Such systems allow flexibility in addition/revision/deletion of various processing functions without disrupting the entire system.
Integration
The extent to which components of the production process are inextricably linked. A software design concept that allows users to move easily between applications. [DEC].
Interface
A shared boundary; e.g., a hardware component to link two devices, a portion of storage or registers accessed by two or more programs.
Interlisp
A general purpose environment for building and using artificial intelligence applications based on the LISP programming language. [DEC].
Internal Schema
Describing how the information present in the conceptual schema is structured and stored inside the system. [CIM-OSA].
Inventory
Parts and material on hand. Inventory is Items that are in a stocking location or work in process and that serve to decouple successive operations in the process of manufacturing a product and distributing it to the consumer. Inventories may consist of finished goods ready for sale; they may be parts or intermediate items; they may be work in progress; or they may be raw materials. [APIC]. Actual quantities, specifications, and location of materials in storage.
Inventory Management
Management of the inventories, with the primary objective of determining:
Items that should be ordered, and in what quantity.
The timing of order release and order due dates.
Changes in the quantity called for and the rescheduling of orders already planned.
Its two broad areas are inventory accounting, which is the administrative aspect, and inventory planning and control, which consists of planning procedures and techniques that lead to inventory order action.
Inventory Valuation
The value of the inventory at either its cost or its market value. Because inventory value can change with time, some recognition is taken of the age distribution of the inventory. Therefore, the cost value of inventory is usually computed on a first-in, first-out, or last-in, last-out basis or a standard cost basis to establish the cost of goods sold. [APIC].
ISO Standards Procedure
Prospective ISO standards are balloted three times. The first stage is as a Draft Proposal (DP). After a Draft Proposal has been in use a period of time (typically 6 months to a year) the standard, frequently with corrections and changes, is re-balloted as a Draft International Standard (DIS). After the Draft International Standard (DIS) has been in use for a period of time (typically 1 to 2 years) it is re-balloted as an International Standard (IS).
ISA
Instrument Society of America. The ISA is responsible for the ISA S50 Field Bus standard. ISA is the American cognizant organization for EIC-developed standards, and is responsible for the PROWAY standard in the United States..
ISA SP50 Committee
An ISA standards committee which worked on a standard communications bus for interconnecting control devices to sensors and actuators (Field Bus).
ISA S50
The completed ISA standard for a communications bus to interconnect control devices to sensors and actuators (Field Bus).
ISA SP72 Committee
An ISA standards committee working on a standards for use in process control. These standards include PROWAY, Process Control Architecture, and Process Messaging.
ISDN
Integrated Systems Digital Network. ISDN is a suite of protocols defined by CCITT to provide voice and data services over public telephone networks and Wide Area Networks (WANs).
ISO
International Standards Organization. ISO takes standards submitted by its member national standards bodies, ballots the standards internationally, and approves international standards.
ITI
Industrial Technology Institute. A nonprofit organization founded by the University of Michigan and sponsored by the State of Michigan dedicated to computer integrated manufacturing. ITI offers MAP conformance testing and certification.